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episode 2: the economy that slavery built 1619

Aug. 31, 2019. It’s an incredible amount of productivity. June and Angie Provost, who trace their family line to the enslaved workers on Louisiana’s sugar-cane plantations, know this story well. And for most of the ride, she was giving me the same gauzy version that she’d always given me, that life for them wasn’t really that hard, that it was a good place to grow up.As we finally approach Greenwood, I see a big sign. She’s the one who taught me how to make yeast rolls in her kitchen, and she was this woman who wore heels until she was in her 90s, who, when you would go in her house, everything was always very neat.

(SINGING) Oh, things were rotten in the land of cotton until Whitney made the cotton gin.

And so what did they do? And if you fell below your quota, you could be subject to torture.

And the bubble eventually pops.

It was about enslaved people.

It was about enslaved people. An afterlife in a burning place.

And prices start to plummet in 1834, and then they drop, causing a recession, which has been known as the Panic of 1837. We passed the story to each other in the night in our pallets, in the day over the well, in the fields as we pulled at the fallow earth.

And the bubble eventually pops.

And —Unfortunately, probably a lot of us did that.

So a generation removed from that decision, and Britain and much of Europe along with it is still bankrolling slavery in the United States.So you didn’t have to personally own human beings to make a great deal of profit off of them.No, you didn’t have to. On today’s episode: Matthew Desmond, a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine and the author of “Evicted,” and Jesmyn Ward, the author of “Sing, Unburied, Sing.”The institution of slavery turned a poor, fledgling nation into a financial powerhouse, and the cotton plantation was America’s first big business.

When we shuffled into that town of the dead, they put us in pens. Behind the system, and built into it, was the whip. By the Civil War, cotton grown and picked by enslaved workers was America’s most valuable export.J. Professional manuals and credentials were developed so enslavers could trade information about what to feed their enslaved workforce, how to house them, even how to speak to them. This is Jesmyn Ward.

I just want to tell you a little bit about the piece I’m going to read. You can find more information about it at More than a century and a half after the promise of 40 acres and a mule, the story of black land ownership in America remains one of loss and dispossession. But investors wanted their money. SAVE. This basically banned the importation of enslaved people from abroad, but it also meant that enslaved people who were already in the United States of America, that millions of them were then sold south to provide labor for the cotton industry and the sugar industry, which then meant that thousands upon thousands of families were broken and split apart forever.

And after they killed him, they had sunk him in that river, tying a cotton gin fan around his neck.I know that Emmett Till was just four years older than my own father, and that like my father, his mother had also fled north. So that debt was toxic.

Pregnant women were meant to lay down in small kind of divots in the ground so their belly could go in to allow the whip to fall flat on their back. It wasn’t random. We dreamed of those we was stolen from: our mothers who oiled and braided our hair to our scalps, our fathers who cut our first staffs, our sisters and brothers who we pinched for tattling on us, and we felt a cool light wind move through us for one breath. Behind the system, and built into it, was the whip.

So at the height of slavery, the combined value of all enslaved people was more than that of all the railroads and all the factories of the nation combined.When you think of that comparison, how does that make you feel?I feel like a long pause makes sense because I’m not sure how it makes me feel either. And more people around the Western world are invested in this bubble. Because that river is a place where they found the body of Emmett Till, who was lynched by white men when he was 14 because they thought that he had done something untoward to a white woman. And the reason cotton wasn’t king is because it was labor-intensive. – Listen to Episode 2: The Economy That Slavery Built by 1619 instantly on your tablet, phone or browser - no downloads needed. It was like oil, in a way, in our modern day.And just as important, it will stay beautiful. I was not very good at it. It’s in sugar plantations. Behind the system, and built into it, was the whip.

From the shadows of this exclusion, they pushed to create the nation’s first federal health care programs. They wake up vomiting. Listen to this episode from 1619 on Spotify. You can find more information about it at In August of 1619, a ship carrying more than 20 enslaved Africans arrived in the English colony of Virginia.

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