The 1991–1993 eruption saw the town of Following six years (1995–2001) of unusually intense activity at the four summit craters of Etna, the volcano produced its first flank eruption since 1991–1993 in July–August 2001. The third and most vigorous of these fissures opened late on 4 November at an unusually low elevation, approximately 1,200 m (3,937 ft) above sea-level, in a zone known as Ripe della Naca.
Eruptions at this time built up the first major volcanic edifice, forming a stratovolcano in alternating explosive and effusive eruptions. The Voragine crater exhibited a lava fountain which reached 1 km (3,300 ft) in height, with an ash plume which reached 3 km (9,800 ft) in height.An eruption on 16 March 2017 injured 10 people, including a An eruption on 24 December 2018, following a dyke intrusion at shallow depth, spewed ash into the air, forcing the closure of airspace around Mount Etna. Mount Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe, its topmost elevation being about 10,900 feet (3,320 metres). Frequent eruptions and ash columns forced the authorities to shut down the Catania airport on several occasions. Three observatories have been set up on its slopes; they are located at Etna’s geological characteristics indicate that it has been active since the end of the Between 1669 and 1900, 26 more eruptions were reported. This eruption was visible far into the plains of Sicily, ending the following morning between the hours of 5 to 7 a.m. local time. About 300,000 years ago, volcanism began occurring to the southwest of the summit (centre top of the volcano), then activity moved towards the present centre 170,000 years ago. In March 1981, the town of Randazzo on the northwestern flank of Etna narrowly escaped destruction by unusually fast-moving lava flows. Get kids back-to-school ready with Expedition: Learn! Columbia University Press, New York 1948, pp. THE Etna volcano, the largest active volcano in Europe, erupted on Sunday causing lava to flow as well as large and thick columns of smoke to arise that could be seen from 30 kilometres away, from the Sicilian city of Catania. This article was most recently revised and updated by Etna volcano eruptions: Near continuously active; some major historic eruptions include 122 BC (large Plinian outbursts that created the small caldera of the "Cratere del Piano"), 1669 AD (devastating flank eruption that destroyed 15 villages and part of Catania), 1787 (Subplinian eruption and one of the most spectacular summit eruptions on record - lava fountains reportedly up to 3000 m … By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Oxford University Press 1959, special edition for Sandpiper Books Ltd. 2001, In 1971, lava buried the Etna Observatory (built in the late 19th century), destroyed the first generation of the Etna cable-car, and seriously threatened several small villages on Etna's east flank. On 3 December 2015, an eruption occurred which climaxed between 03:20 and 04:10 local time. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.Etna has been studied systematically since the middle of the 19th century. Mount Etna is moving towards the Mediterranean Sea at an average rate of 14 mm (0.55 in) per year, the massif sliding on an unconsolidated layer above the older sloping terrain.Eruptions of Etna follow a variety of patterns. Volcanic activity first took place at Etna about 500,000 years ago, with eruptions occurring beneath the sea off the ancient coastline of Sicily. Other significant early 21st-century The mountain has three ecological zones, one above the other, each exhibiting its own characteristic vegetation.
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