Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox.Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Get kids back-to-school ready with Expedition: Learn! Viola Desmond, in full Viola Irene Desmond, née Davis, (born July 6, 1914, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada—died February 7, 1965, New York, New York, U.S.), Canadian businesswoman and civil libertarian who built a career as a beautician and was a mentor to young Black women in Nova Scotia through her Desmond School of Beauty Culture. Desmond was dragged out of the theatre, injuring her hip and knee in the process, and taken to jail.
When she was asked to move, she realized what was happening, and refused to move because she had a better view from the main floor there.
She grew up middle class, and her parents, James Albert and Gwendolin Irene Davis, were highly involved in Halifax’s black community. Her mother, Gwendolin Irene Davis (née Johnson), was the daughter of a White minister and his wife, who had moved to Halifax from New Haven, Connecticut. Ms. Desmond was sold a ticket to the balcony unaware of the segregation and, being nearsighted, went to sit in the floor section to be close to the screen. ... Born in 1914 in Halifax, Desmond was a beautician and businesswoman, the Canadian Encyclopedia notes. On November 8, 1946 while on a business trip to There were no formal laws enforcing segregation in movie theatres in New Glasgow, and the theatre had no sign telling its patrons about the policy, but main floor seats were reserved for white patrons. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription.
Her father, James Albert Davis, was raised in a middle-class Black family, and had worked for several years as a stevedore before establishing himself as a barber. ROSELAND THEATRE. She persevered and trained in Montréal and the United States, then returned to run her own beauty school and salon as a successful entrepreneur in Nova Scotia. Like many other Black Nova Scotians who had grown accustomed to the racist attitudes that prevailed in the province, he was inclined to let the issue rest.
Desmond's lawyer tried to appeal the decision on the basis of her being wrongfully accused of tax evasion, not on the basis of racial discrimination.Had the matter reached the court by some other method than Her lawyer, Bissett, refused to bill Desmond and the money was used to support William Pearly Oliver's newly established Nova Scotia Association for the Advancement of Coloured People (NSAACP). After the trial, Desmond closed her business and moved to William Pearly Oliver later reflected on Desmond's legacy:
Viola Desmond was born in 1914, the daughter of a middle-class mixed-race family in Halifax.
He has written articles for such publications and online sites as Remembered for fighting for the rights of fellow African Canadians by refusing to retreat to a segregated portion of Nova Scotia's Roseland Theatre, she is also remembered for establishing a beauty school catering to the needs of black women and for launching a successful beauty products line for women of African descent.In her early years, she attended beauty schools in New York, Montreal, and Atlantic City.She was fined and temporarily jailed for her rightfully defiant act; after her death, she was officially pardoned by the Canadian government.She and her fourteen siblings grew up in Halifax, Nova Scotia, as the children of Gwendolin and James Davis. She was forcefully removed from the theatre which caused an injury to her hip. It is my conviction that much of the positive action that has since taken place stemmed from this ...On January 28, 2019, a Nova Scotia school teacher was awarded the In 2012, Desmond was portrayed on a commemorative stamp issued by On December 8, 2016, Viola Desmond was chosen as the first Canadian woman to appear on her own on the In 2000, Desmond and other Canadian civil rights activists were the subject of a Desmond's life and broader issues of racial discrimination in Canada are the subject of a play developed by Although racial mixing was not uncommon in early 20th-centu… She opened a beauty school, the On the evening of November 8, 1946, Desmond made an unplanned stop in the small community of New Glasgow after her car broke down en route to a business meeting in Desmond was then confronted by the manager, Henry MacNeil, who argued that the theatre had the right to “refuse admission to any objectionable person.” Desmond pointed out that she had not been refused admission and had in fact been sold a ticket, which she still held in her hand. Viola grew up with her grandparents who were active in the black community in Halifax, Nova Scotia, despite the fact that her mother was white and her father black, uncommon for the time.
When did viola desmond die? Viola Desmond was a Canadian citizen of mixed race, who championed the cause of equal rights for people with dark skin, in early 20th century. ... How many siblings does viola desmond have? Desmond’s honours continued in 2018, when she was selected to appear on Canada’s $10 banknote.
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