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types of immunity


Body temperature, pH of the body fluids and various body secretions prevent growth of many disease causing microorganisms.

In addition, the cytotoxic T cell releases cytotoxic substances directly into the foreign cell.

Eg. Our mission is to provide an online platform to help students to share notes in Biology. Active immunity and passive immunity are the two types of acquired immunity. NK cells do not have antigen receptors like T cells and В cells. NK cells constitute 5%-10% of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in humans.Complement is a group of 20 proteins, many of which are enzyme precursors and are produced by the liver. They are motile and phagocytic in nature and engulf bacteria and cellular debris. Passive immunity can occur naturally, when maternal antibodies are transferred to the foetus through the placenta, and can also be induced artificially, when high levels of Maternal passive immunity is a type of naturally acquired passive immunity, and refers to Artificially acquired passive immunity is a short-term immunization induced by the transfer of antibodies, which can be administered in several forms; as human or animal blood plasma, as pooled human immunoglobulin for intravenous (The artificial induction of passive immunity has been used for over a century to treat infectious disease, and before the advent of Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when a person is exposed to a live pathogen and develops a primary RBCs and blood platelets (lymphoid stem cells) form В lym­phocytes (B cells), T lymphocytes (T-cells) and natural killer (NK) cells.Acquired immunity has two components: humeral immunity or Antibody mediated immune system (AMIS) and cellular immunity or cell mediated immune system (CMIS).It consists of antibodies (specialised proteins produced in the body in response to antigen) that circulate in the body fluids like blood plasma and lymph. Such legal immunity may be from criminal prosecution, or from civil liability (being subject of lawsuit), or both. We are all born with some level of immunity to invaders. The lack of immunity … The adaptive system is composed of more advanced lymphatic cells that are programmed to recognize self-substances and not to react. They proliferate and differentiate into cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, suppressor T cells, and additional memory cells.These cells are capable of suppressing the functions of cytotoxic and helper T cells.

Its outer tough layer, the stratum corneum prevents the entry of bacteria and viruses.Mucus secreted by mucous membrane traps the microor­ganisms and immobilises them. Some of the important examples of physiological barriers are as follows:(a) Acid of the stomach kills most ingested microorganisms,(c) Cerumen (ear wax) traps dust particles, kills bacteria and repels insects,(d) Lysozyme is present in tissue fluids and in almost all secretions except in cerebrospinal fluid, sweat and urine. As we know both types of lymphocytes and other cells of the immune system are produced in the bone marrow.

They also inhibit the immune system from attacking the body’s own cells.

They have a longer life span.

Anti-venom, Rabies vaccine (* it is not a vaccine, it is preformed anti rabies antibody) Immunity and its types: Innate and Acquired immunity This is called first encounter. which enter the body.Immunity is also called disease resistance. Based on the location of immunity. It includes spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, Peyer’s patches of small intestine and appendix.The increased power and duration of the secondary immune response explain why immunization (method of providing immunity artificially, it is called vaccination) is usually accomplished by injecting antigen in multiple doses.Welcome to BiologyDiscussion!

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